Lois Larson
Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) is an international airport located on the island of Chek Lap Kok in western Hong Kong. It is one of the world's busiest airports for passenger traffic and the busiest for cargo. The airport has an extensive air network, with over 120 airlines serving more than 220 destinations worldwide. HKIA offers a vibrant, world-class experience for travellers, with efficient security, immigration, and luggage processes, as well as a range of dining and shopping options. The airport is also well-connected to the city centre through the Airport Express railway system, providing a swift 24-minute journey.
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What You'll Learn
Hong Kong International Airport's Master Plan 2030
Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA), located on the island of Chek Lap Kok, is one of the world's busiest airports for both cargo and passenger traffic. It has been in operation since 1998 and is the primary hub for several airlines, including Cathay Pacific and Hong Kong Airlines.
To maintain its competitiveness and position as a leading international and regional aviation hub, the Airport Authority Hong Kong (AAHK) proposed the Hong Kong International Airport Master Plan 2030 in 2011. The plan aims to expand the airport's infrastructure to a three-runway system (3RS) to accommodate the projected increase in air traffic.
The 3RS project includes seven core projects, with the main one being the construction of a third runway. This new runway, now in operation as the North Runway, will enable the airport to handle over 100 million passengers, nearly 9 million tonnes of cargo, and 607,000 aircraft movements per year. It is expected to bring significant economic benefits, generating an estimated HK $167 million by 2030 and contributing $455 billion over 50 years.
The masterplan also involves converting the existing Terminal 2 departures building to accommodate 50 million passenger departures and arrivals, and the addition of a 50-gate, wide-bodied remote satellite concourse on a 650-hectare reclamation to the north of the existing airport island.
The plan has undergone public consultation, with the majority of respondents supporting the expansion to 3RS. However, there have been concerns raised about the environmental impact and construction costs. The Airport Authority has conducted an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to address these concerns and proposed mitigation measures for potential environmental impacts.
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The airport's location and transport links
Hong Kong International Airport (IATA: HKG, ICAO: VHHH) is located on the island of Chek Lap Kok, north of Lantau Island, New Territories. The airport is 34 kilometres (21 miles) from Downtown Hong Kong. The island of Chek Lap Kok was created specifically for the airport, increasing the land mass of Hong Kong by 1%.
The airport is well-connected to the city centre by the Airport Express, a leading airport railway system. The 35.3-kilometre journey from the airport to Central downtown takes approximately 24 minutes. The Airport Express offers five stations: AsiaWorld-Expo Station, Airport Station, Tsing Yi Station, Kowloon Station, and Hong Kong Station. The train allows travellers to check in and secure a seat before boarding. Passengers can also take a bus or taxi to and from the airport. There are five bus routes, providing distinct services.
The airport also offers direct ferry services to various destinations throughout the Pearl River Delta, including Macau, via Skypier. These ferry services depart from the Sky Pier at Hong Kong International Airport. Passengers using these services are treated as transit passengers and are not considered to have entered Hong Kong for immigration purposes.
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Airlines and flights
Hong Kong International Airport (HKG) is a major aviation hub, serving over 180 cities worldwide. More than 100 airlines operate out of the airport, including Cathay Pacific, Greater Bay Airlines, Hong Kong Airlines, HK Express, and Air Hong Kong. The airport is also a hub for Oneworld and a cargo hub for UPS Airlines. It is a focus city for China Airlines and China Eastern Airlines, and Ethiopian Airlines uses Hong Kong as a stopover point. In 2010, the airport was the busiest for passenger traffic in Asia and the busiest in the world for cargo traffic.
The airport operates 24 hours a day and provides flights to around 160 destinations. About 95 of the airlines operating from the airport are international, providing around 900 scheduled passenger and cargo flights each day. Around 76% of these flights are operated by wide-body jets, with an additional average of 31 non-scheduled flights each week.
Hong Kong International Airport has two runways and a midfield area located to the west of Terminal 1, which includes 20 aircraft parking stands. The midfield concourse opened in December 2015, providing parking for the Airbus A380 and increasing the airport's capacity by 10 million passengers annually. The airport has two passenger concourses, the North Satellite Concourse and the Midfield Concourse, as well as a 36-bay coach station for buses to and from mainland China.
The airport offers convenient transportation options, including the Airport Express train from Hong Kong and Kowloon stations, with check-in services available at both stations. Ferry services are also available, providing connections to the Pearl River Delta and Mainland China without the need for immigration procedures in Hong Kong.
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Passenger experience
Hong Kong International Airport (HKG) is a massive complex with one terminal and two separate concourses (T1 Satellite Concourse and T1 Midfield Concourse). The airport is operated by the Airport Authority Hong Kong, a statutory body of the Hong Kong government. It is one of the world's busiest airports for passenger traffic and the busiest for cargo. It is also home to one of the world's largest passenger terminal buildings.
Passengers at Hong Kong International Airport can enjoy free bathroom amenities, including shower facilities with hair dryers, shampoo, and bath gel. Towels and other consumables are available from vending machines. The airport also offers free Wi-Fi and plenty of power outlets, although they only accept Hong Kong/English plugs and USB. For additional comfort, passengers can pay to access one of the 24-hour airport lounges, some of which provide showers. The airport also features plenty of shopping, dining, and entertainment options.
In terms of transportation, the Airport Express (MTR) conveniently connects Terminal 1 (Level 5 station) to central Hong Kong, running every 10-12 minutes. Passengers can easily access train schedules through the MTR "Next Train" app. Additionally, the airport bus terminal offers various bus services, including "A" Routes (Airbus service), "E" Routes (External Bus services), and "N" Routes (Overnight Bus services). Bus announcements are available in Mandarin, Cantonese, and English. For those travelling to mainland China, there are direct ferry services to destinations throughout the Pearl River Delta, including Macau, via Skypier.
Hong Kong International Airport also provides a free in-town check-in service at Kowloon and Hong Kong Stations for passengers taking the Airport Express. This service allows passengers to check in during the opening hours of their respective check-in counters, up to 90 minutes before their flight's departure. Foreign travellers planning to visit Mainland China can conveniently apply for a visa at the China Travel Service counter at the airport. Overall, Hong Kong International Airport offers a comprehensive range of facilities and services designed to enhance the passenger experience.
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Architecture and design
Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) is located on the island of Chek Lap Kok, north of Lantau Island, New Territories. The island was created specifically for the airport, increasing the land mass of Hong Kong by 1%. The airport is also known as Chek Lap Kok International Airport or Chek Lap Kok Airport to distinguish it from its predecessor, Kai Tak Airport.
HKIA is an architectural marvel, featuring expansive arched ceilings that filter and provide natural light across the airport. It initially operated as one continuous terminal, but now has a satellite terminal accessible by shuttle bus, and Terminal 2, accessible by passenger train. HKIA is one of the world's largest passenger terminal buildings, covering an area of 85 hectares. The airport has three parallel runways, each 3,800 metres long and 60 metres wide. The centre runway has a Category IIIA rating, allowing pilots to land with only 200 metres of visibility.
The airport is well-served by public bus routes, with five distinct routes connecting passengers to and from most parts of the city. Airport Express, one of the world's leading airport railway systems, offers swift transportation to the city centre in as little as 24 minutes. Passengers can also take a ferry to neighbouring Macau or to cities in the Pearl River Delta, such as Guangzhou and Shenzhen.
HKIA offers a vibrant, world-class experience for travellers, with a wide range of duty-free boutiques, dining options, and free wireless internet. The Design Gallery, sponsored by the Hong Kong Trade Development Council, showcases products and souvenirs from local designers.
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Frequently asked questions
Hong Kong International Airport (HKG) is the main airport in Hong Kong.
Hong Kong International Airport is an architectural marvel, featuring expansive arched ceilings that filter and provide natural light across the airport.
Hong Kong International Airport is well-connected to the city centre via the Airport Express, a leading airport railway system. The journey to Central downtown takes approximately 24 minutes. The airport is also served by public bus routes and taxis.
Hong Kong International Airport offers a variety of dining options, including Pizza Express, fast-food outlets, and local favourites such as Taiwan Beef Noodle and Toasty Toasty.
Hong Kong International Airport features duty-free boutiques from luxury brands such as Prada, Cartier, and Zara. The Design Gallery showcases products and souvenirs from local designers.
