Airports And Carry-Ons: Routine Bag Checks?

When flying, you have to decide whether to check a bag or carry one on. A carry-on bag goes on the plane with you and must fit in the overhead compartment, whereas checked luggage is stored in the plane's cargo hold, inaccessible during the flight. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) screens approximately 3.3 million carry-on bags daily for explosives and other dangerous items. The TSA recommends travellers keep their bags organised to ease the screening process. The items in your carry-on must comply with the guidelines specified by the TSA, which may be stricter than those of the airline.

How to pack carry-on luggage to avoid additional screening

The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) screens approximately 3.3 million carry-on bags daily for explosives and other dangerous items. Here are some tips to help you pack your carry-on luggage to avoid additional screening:

Know the prohibited items

Before packing your carry-on bag, make sure you are aware of the prohibited items. The TSA provides a list of items that are not allowed in carry-on baggage on its website. Some common examples include firearms, sharp objects, and liquids over 3.4 ounces (100 ml). Knowing and adhering to these restrictions will help you avoid issues during screening.

Organize your bag

Keep your carry-on bag organized and clutter-free. Place items in a neat and tidy manner to facilitate the screening process. A jam-packed and disorganized bag may prompt TSA officers to conduct a more thorough inspection, which can slow down your progress.

Separate electronic devices

Personal electronic devices larger than a cell phone, such as laptops, tablets, e-readers, and handheld game consoles, must be removed from your carry-on bag and placed separately in a bin for X-ray screening. Ensure these devices are easily accessible and not covered or stacked with other items.

Follow the 3-1-1 liquids rule

Any liquids, gels, or aerosols you bring must adhere to the 3-1-1 rule: liquids should be in containers no larger than 3.4 ounces (100 ml) each, and they must all fit into a single quart-sized resealable bag. This includes items such as shampoo, toothpaste, and other toiletries.

Declare medically necessary liquids

If you are carrying medically necessary liquids, gels, or aerosols in reasonable quantities, make sure to declare them to the TSA officers. These may include medications, breast milk, or baby formula. While these items are typically allowed, declaring them beforehand can help expedite the screening process and avoid any potential issues.

Pack foods carefully

Solid food items are generally allowed in carry-on bags. However, liquid or gel food items larger than 3.4 ounces should be placed in your checked baggage if possible. Fresh fruits and vegetables are permitted within the continental United States but are restricted when travelling from Hawaii, Puerto Rico, or the U.S. Virgin Islands to the U.S. mainland.

Prepare for additional screening of powders

Powder-like substances over 12 ounces (350 ml) should be placed in checked baggage if possible. If you must carry them in your carry-on, they will require separate screening and may need to be opened for inspection.

Arrive early

Give yourself ample time at the airport by arriving early. This will help reduce any potential stress and allow you to navigate the security screening process without feeling rushed.

What to expect when your carry-on bag goes through security screening

When your carry-on bag goes through security screening at the airport, you can expect to be instructed to place your bag on a conveyor belt to pass through an X-ray machine. This process is standard for all carry-on luggage and helps ensure the safety of all passengers. Here's what you need to expect and how to prepare for a smooth screening experience:

Electronics and Electrical Devices:

You will be required to remove all personal electronic devices larger than a cell phone, such as laptops, tablets, e-readers, and handheld game consoles, from your carry-on bag. These items should be placed in a separate bin for X-ray screening, without anything placed on or under them. Smaller electronic items, such as hair dryers, electric shavers, and electric toothbrushes, can remain in your bag.

Food and Snacks:

Most food items, such as fruits, health bars, and sandwiches, can usually stay inside your carry-on bag. However, special instructions apply to liquids, gels, aerosols, baby food, breast milk, and medically necessary items. It is important to listen to the instructions provided by the TSA officers, as they will guide you through the process.

Packing and Organisation:

The way you pack your carry-on bag can impact the screening process. It is essential to check for prohibited items and comply with the 3-1-1 liquids rule. Additionally, TSA officers may instruct you to separate certain items, such as foods, powders, and materials that can clutter the bag and obstruct clear X-ray images. Keeping your bag organised and clutter-free can expedite the screening process, as it takes time for officers to ensure the safety of a jam-packed bag.

Screening Procedures:

TSA incorporates unpredictable security measures, and their procedures may change from time to time to adapt to evolving threats. These measures include not only screening your carry-on luggage but also using advanced imaging technology and walk-through metal detectors to screen passengers. Additionally, pat-down procedures may be required to ensure the detection of prohibited items. These procedures are conducted by officers of the same gender, who will explain the process and respect your privacy.

Size and Weight Restrictions:

Carry-on bag size restrictions vary by airline, so it is crucial to check your airline's specific policies before travelling. Most U.S. carriers allow bags up to 22 x 14 x 9 inches, but international limits can differ. Some airlines also have weight restrictions for carry-on luggage, so it is important to consider this when packing.

Liquids and Gels:

The TSA has specific guidelines for liquids and gels in carry-on luggage. You are allowed to bring liquids in containers of 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less, and they must fit into a quart-size resealable bag. Anything larger will need to be packed in your checked luggage.

Prohibited Items:

It is important to familiarise yourself with the list of prohibited items for carry-on luggage, which includes items such as firearms, scissors with blades longer than 4 inches, and certain tools. These items must be packed in your checked luggage instead.

Screening Notification:

If your carry-on bag is physically inspected by a TSA officer, you will receive a notification. They will place a notice of baggage inspection inside your bag to inform you that an officer has conducted a screening.

Locks:

If you choose to lock your suitcase, it is recommended to use a TSA-compatible lock. TSA officers have master keys for these locks, and they may need to be opened during the screening process. Non-compatible locks may have to be cut off.

The difference between carry-on and personal items

The main difference between a carry-on and a personal item is size. A carry-on bag is a piece of luggage that you can bring on the plane and store in the overhead compartment. It is typically a small rolling suitcase, weekender bag, backpack, duffel bag, or tote. On the other hand, a personal item is an additional, smaller bag that you can bring on board and store under the seat in front of you. This is typically a purse, laptop bag, or backpack.

The maximum size for a carry-on bag is usually around 22 x 14 x 9 inches (56 x 36 x 23 cm), while the maximum size for a personal item is usually around 18 x 14 x 8 inches (45 x 35 x 29 cm). It is important to note that the size and weight regulations for carry-on and personal items may vary depending on the airline, so it is recommended to check with your specific airline before packing.

In addition to the size difference, there are also some features that are unique to each type of bag. For example, carry-on bags usually have more compartments and organisation options, making it easier to keep your belongings organised during your trip. Personal items, on the other hand, are designed to be easily accessible, with multiple easy-to-reach compartments for your in-flight essentials. Additionally, personal items are often more versatile and can double as an everyday bag, while carry-on bags are typically more luggage-focused.

When choosing between a carry-on and a personal item, it is important to consider the length of your trip, the amount of luggage you need to bring, and your preference for accessibility versus storage space. If you are taking a short trip, a personal item may be sufficient, while a longer trip may require the extra space of a carry-on bag.

How to avoid paying for carry-on luggage

While some airlines allow passengers to bring a carry-on bag and personal item for free, others may charge a fee for carry-on luggage that exceeds their size requirements. To avoid paying for carry-on luggage, you can consider the following strategies:

• Choose an airline that offers free carry-on luggage: Some airlines, like Southwest, offer free carry-on luggage within specified size limits. By selecting an airline that includes carry-on luggage at no additional cost, you can avoid paying extra fees.
• Use the right credit card: Certain credit cards, such as airline co-branded cards or travel rewards cards, offer benefits like complimentary checked bags or travel credits that can be used to offset baggage fees. Look for cards that provide perks such as a free first checked bag for the cardholder and their companions or an annual travel credit that can cover baggage fees.
• Book first or business class: Although it may seem counterintuitive, booking a higher class ticket can sometimes be more cost-effective if you have multiple bags to check. First or business-class tickets often include the privilege of checking bags at no additional cost. Compare the overall cost, including baggage fees, when deciding between ticket types.
• Achieve elite status or fly with someone who has it: Many frequent flyer programs offer perks like free checked bags for members with elite status. If you have elite status or are travelling with someone who does, you may be able to waive baggage fees. Additionally, some hotel chains have partnerships with airlines, so elite status with a hotel chain might grant you benefits on a partner airline.
• Utilize a military discount: Many airlines offer waived or reduced baggage fees for active-duty military personnel and their dependents. Be sure to have your military ID when checking in, and check with your airline about their specific policies.
• Check your bag at the gate: If checking a bag is more of a preference than a necessity, you can wait until you reach the gate. Sometimes, airline employees will offer free gate bag checks to make room for everyone's carry-on luggage. However, this method is a gamble, and your bag must still meet the carry-on luggage requirements.
• Pack light and stick to carry-on luggage: To avoid checked baggage fees altogether, consider travelling with only a carry-on bag and a personal item. Most airlines allow passengers on standard tickets to bring one free carry-on and one free personal item, such as a purse or laptop bag. Ensure your carry-on luggage complies with the size and weight restrictions of the airline to avoid unexpected fees at the gate.

What to do if your carry-on bag is flagged for additional screening

Yes, airports do check carry-on bags. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) screens approximately 3.3 million carry-on bags daily for explosives and other dangerous items.

If your carry-on bag is flagged for additional screening, here are some steps you can follow:

• Remain calm and cooperate with the authorities: It is important to stay calm and not panic if your carry-on bag is flagged for additional screening. Remember that the screening is done for the safety and security of all passengers. Follow the instructions of the TSA officers and cooperate fully with the additional screening process.
• Inform the TSA officers of any special circumstances: If you have any special items or circumstances that may require additional explanation, inform the TSA officers. For example, if you are travelling with medications or medical devices, let them know so that they can screen those items accordingly.
• Be prepared for a pat-down procedure: A pat-down procedure may be required if the screening technology detects something unusual or as part of unpredictable security measures. This may include inspection of sensitive areas, and you may be required to adjust your clothing during the pat-down. You will always be patted down by an officer of the same gender, and they will explain the procedure to you as they conduct it.
• Request private screening if needed: At any time during the screening process, you have the right to request private screening. This can be done in the presence of a companion of your choice, and a second officer of the same gender will also be present during private screening.
• Provide necessary documentation: If you are travelling with any prohibited items that are allowed under special circumstances, make sure to have the necessary documentation with you. For example, if you are travelling with a firearm for hunting purposes, you may need to provide documentation to support your claim.
• Arrive early at the airport: If your carry-on bag requires additional screening, it may take extra time to complete the process. It is advisable to arrive at the airport early to allow enough time for the screening and avoid any delays.
• Follow packing guidelines: To minimise the chances of your carry-on bag being flagged, follow the packing guidelines provided by the TSA. This includes checking the list of prohibited items and following the 3-1-1 liquids rule. Keep your bag organised and avoid overstuffing it to facilitate a smoother screening process.

Frequently asked questions