Jazmin Li
Super 8 film can go through airport security, but there are some important considerations to ensure it is not damaged by X-ray scanners. The ISO of the film is a critical factor, with most sources stating that film under 800 ISO is generally safe from damage from standard X-ray machines. However, CT scanners, which are increasingly being used in airports, can easily damage film with ISO below 800. To avoid potential damage, it is recommended to carry film in hand luggage and request a hand check by TSA agents, who are trained to accommodate such requests.
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X-ray machines vs. CT scanners
X-ray machines and CT scanners are both used for security screening at airports. X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation that can pass through materials and produce an image on the other side. This image is captured on a photosensitive surface, like film, which is why X-ray machines can affect undeveloped film. The impact of an X-ray machine on film depends on the machine's settings and the film's ISO speed. Generally, X-ray machines used to screen carry-on bags should not damage undeveloped film with an ASA/ISO speed of 800 or lower.
CT scanners, on the other hand, are more advanced imaging technology that uses X-rays to produce cross-sectional images of an object. CT scanners use a motorized X-ray source that rotates around a circular opening, capturing multiple image slices that can be stacked together to generate a 3D image. This technology is more sensitive than traditional X-ray machines and can detect potential issues within complex structures, such as bone fractures or abnormalities in soft tissues.
In the context of airport security, the United States Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has started installing CT scanners for carry-on luggage. This has raised concerns among photographers as CT scanners can easily ruin film. Kodak has conducted tests and warned users that CT scanners at airports will damage their film. Even a single scan can cause significant fogging and a loss of detail in the images.
To avoid potential damage to film, photographers are advised to carry their film on their person and request a hand check by TSA agents. TSA screeners are trained to hand-check roll and movie film, and most airports will accommodate these requests. Additionally, warning stickers or labels can be placed on film packages to alert security personnel about the need for a hand check.
While X-ray machines and CT scanners both utilize X-rays, the key difference lies in their level of sophistication. CT scanners provide more detailed and comprehensive imaging capabilities by capturing multiple image slices and generating 3D representations. This advanced technology comes at the cost of increased sensitivity, which can inadvertently affect sensitive materials like undeveloped film.
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ISO speed
Different cameras have different capabilities when it comes to reading ISO speeds. Older or less expensive cameras may only be able to read 1 or 2 film speeds, while newer or higher-end models may be able to read 5 or 6 different film speeds. For example, the Bell and Howell 431 can read Super 8 film cartridges notched from 10 ISO to 400 ISO, whereas the Bell & Howell T20 XL can only read cartridges notched at 40 ISO and 160 ISO.
It is important to match the ISO speed of the film to the capabilities of your camera to avoid overexposure or underexposure. Overexposure can occur when using a higher ISO film than your camera can handle, especially when filming outdoors or in bright light. Underexposure, on the other hand, can be an issue when using a lower ISO film than your camera's default setting, resulting in increased grain and reduced resolution.
To determine the ISO speed your camera can handle, refer to the camera manual or online resources such as super8wiki.com. Additionally, some Super 8 cameras allow you to manually adjust the lens opening (f/stop) to override the built-in meter and control the exposure more precisely. This can be done using a handheld meter or a phone app to set the proper f/stop.
When shooting with Super 8 film, it is also worth considering the frame rate, which is typically 18 or 24 frames per second. The choice between these frame rates can depend on the desired aesthetic, cost considerations, and compatibility with professional film tools and procedures. 18 fps provides a classic film look and can save on film stock costs, while 24 fps is the established film speed for professional 16mm and 35mm film, as well as high-definition formats.
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Carry-on luggage
Super 8 film should not be placed in checked luggage, as the X-ray scans used for checked luggage are stronger and can damage the film. Instead, it is recommended to carry Super 8 film in your carry-on luggage.
When travelling with Super 8 film, it is advisable to place it in a clear plastic bag and request a hand inspection at the checkpoint. Most X-ray machines used for carry-on bags should not harm undeveloped film with an ASA/ISO rating of 800 or lower. However, some airports may have X-ray equipment that can damage film, and CT scanners used for carry-on luggage can fog and ruin unprocessed film of any speed. Therefore, it is essential to ask for a hand inspection to avoid potential damage to your Super 8 film.
To ensure a smooth process, keep your film easily accessible in your carry-on luggage, such as in a side pocket. You can also use a “Do Not X-Ray” pouch or label to clearly communicate your request to the TSA agents. They are trained to accommodate such requests and will usually be accommodating, especially at U.S. airports.
While some sources suggest that modern X-rays may not significantly affect film with an ISO rating of 800 or lower, others caution that even one pass through a CT scanner can easily ruin film with a similar ISO rating. Therefore, it is always best to err on the side of caution and request a hand inspection for your Super 8 film when travelling with carry-on luggage.
Additionally, consider contacting the airport in advance to request a hand inspection and allow extra time for check-in procedures. By following these guidelines, you can help ensure the safety of your Super 8 film during airport security checks.
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Hand-checks
Super 8 film can be taken through airport security, but there are a few things to keep in mind. While Super 8 film is not inherently dangerous, the way it is packaged and transported can raise suspicions with airport security. To avoid any issues, it is recommended to request a hand-check of your film by airport security.
To ensure a smooth process, it is recommended to arrive at the airport early, giving yourself plenty of time for the hand-check. When requesting a hand-check, be polite and explain that you are carrying film that should not be exposed to X-rays. You can also provide some form of proof, such as a note from the film's manufacturer or a printout from a reputable website, stating that the film should be hand-inspected.
During the hand-check, a TSA agent will visually inspect your film and may use alternative screening methods such as swabbing for explosives or using a handheld scanner. It is important to note that even with a hand-check, there is still a small chance that your film could be damaged. However, the risk is much lower compared to exposing the film to X-rays.
Additionally, you can take precautions by carefully packing your film. Use a clear, plastic container or a film changing bag to protect your film from light exposure during the hand-check. Make sure your film is securely packaged and clearly labeled to avoid any accidental opening of the container.
By following these steps and requesting a hand-check, you can confidently travel with your Super 8 film through airport security. Remember to be courteous to the TSA agents and allow for extra time during your security screening. With proper preparation and communication, you can ensure the safety of your film and maintain its integrity for your analog filmmaking endeavors.
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Warning stickers
To address this issue, companies like Pro8mm are developing warning stickers that can be placed on film packaging. These stickers will alert TSA screeners to hand-check the film instead of putting it through the machine. The stickers will be available in a printable label format, making them easily accessible to travellers.
It is important to distinguish between X-ray machines and CT scanners, as the latter can easily ruin film. Travellers should also be aware that sheet film in boxes may require extra diligence to ensure it is not damaged during security screening. Carrying a Pro8mm invoice can also help TSA agents identify the type of material and facilitate the hand-checking process.
While most X-ray machines used to screen carry-on bags should not damage undeveloped film with an ASA/ISO under 800, there may be some exceptions. Airports with X-ray machines that can damage film will have signage stating so. Travellers should also be aware that even if their film is not physically damaged, X-ray exposure can affect the development process and image quality.
In summary, warning stickers for Super 8 film can help prevent damage during airport security screening by alerting TSA screeners to hand-check the film. Travellers should also be aware of the potential risks posed by different types of scanning technology and take appropriate precautions, such as requesting a hand check or carrying relevant documentation.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, Super 8 film can go through airport security. However, it is recommended to carry it in your hand luggage and request a hand-check by a TSA agent to avoid potential damage from X-ray scanners.
X-ray scanners can expose the film, affecting the development process. The level of exposure depends on the machine, its settings, and the ISO of the film. While some films with an ISO of 800 or higher may be affected, Super 8 film typically has an ISO of 200, which may reduce the risk of noticeable damage.
It is recommended to carry Super 8 film in your hand luggage and request a hand inspection by a TSA agent. You can also use a "Do Not X-Ray" labelled pouch or bag to indicate that the film should not be scanned.
Yes, you can consider mailing exposed film directly to a processing service before travelling. This option ensures the film is not exposed to any potential damage from X-ray scanners.
CT scanners, which are increasingly common in US airports, can cause significant damage to Super 8 film. Even one pass through a CT scanner can fog the film, resulting in smoky blacks and a loss of detail. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid CT scanners and opt for hand-checking whenever possible.
