
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a lot of uncertainty for global travel, with some countries requiring proof of vaccination, a negative COVID-19 test, or even mandatory quarantine. If you are transiting through Madrid Airport, you will need to ensure you have the correct documentation and allow enough time to transfer between flights. Madrid Airport has been described as cumbersome and poorly signposted, so it is important to be prepared.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Transit through Madrid Airport during Covid-19 | Transiting passengers are not required to have a negative Covid-19 test result so long as they don't leave the international zone of the airport. |
| Transit time | The total transit time must be less than 24 hours and passengers won't be able to leave the airport. |
| Boarding pass/ticket | If your transit involves passing through border control, you must present the boarding pass or ticket for your next flight(s) to prove that your final destination is not within Spain. |
| Covid-19 test for arrivals from high-risk countries | All other passengers coming from high-risk countries will be required to submit a negative Active Infection Diagnostic Test (AIDT) or PCR test, carried out within 72 hours prior to arrival. |
| Visa requirements | An Airport Transit Schengen visa is valid for 24 hours, and only in the international transit area of a Schengen airport. |
| Visa application | The application must be submitted in person no more than 90 days in advance of your trip and at least 15 days before. |
| Visa requirements for minors | Children under 12 years of age are exempt from providing supporting documents. |
| Supporting documents | All passengers in a country or risk zone (except for children under 12 years of age) must provide one of the following: proof of vaccination against Covid-19, proof of recovery from Covid-19, or a diagnostic test (PCR or rapid antigen test). |
| Transportation to Madrid city centre | Madrid airport taxis, airport express bus, metro, or train. |
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What You'll Learn

COVID-19 testing requirements for transit passengers
As of June 2021, COVID-19 testing is required for all passengers boarding flights to the United States. All passengers aged two years and older must present a negative COVID-19 test taken within three calendar days of travel.
For those travelling to the UK, a negative COVID-19 test must be presented 72 hours before arrival. Additionally, passengers must self-isolate for 10 days upon arrival, which can be shortened to five days with another negative COVID-19 test. Transiting passengers are exempt from quarantine.
In the case of Madrid Airport, transiting passengers are not required to present a negative COVID-19 test result, as long as they do not leave the international zone of the airport. If your transit involves passing through border control, you must show the boarding pass or ticket for your next flight(s) to prove that your final destination is not within Spain. The total transit time must be under 24 hours, and passengers will not be permitted to leave the airport. All other passengers arriving from high-risk countries must submit a negative PCR test or Active Infection Diagnostic Test (AIDT) taken within 72 hours of arrival.
It is important to note that COVID-19 testing requirements may vary depending on the country and airport. Some airports, such as Abu Dhabi International Airport, require all passengers to present a negative COVID-19 PCR test before flying with specific airlines. Other countries, like Germany, mandate testing and self-isolation for those entering from risk areas, high-incidence areas, or virus variant areas. It is essential to check the specific requirements for your transit airport and destination country before travelling.
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Quarantine rules for connecting flights
Testing Requirements
Many countries require incoming travellers to provide a negative COVID-19 test result taken within a specified timeframe before departure. For example, the UK requires a negative test 72 hours before arrival, and the US mandates a negative test within three calendar days of travel. Some countries, like the UK, may also require proof of vaccination or recovery from COVID-19 as an alternative to a negative test.
Transit Visas
Some countries, like Spain, require transit visas for passengers connecting through their airports. These visas are typically valid for 24 hours and allow transit through the international area of the airport without entering the country. It's important to check the specific requirements of your transit country, as some may have different processes or restrictions.
Transit Quarantine
In certain cases, you may need to quarantine while transiting through an airport. For example, travellers entering Germany from risk areas or high-incidence areas may need to self-isolate, depending on the specific regulations in that region. Similarly, those arriving in the UK from certain countries on the 'red list' are required to quarantine in government-designated hotels.
Transit Time
The duration of your transit is crucial. Some countries, like Spain, impose a maximum transit time of 24 hours, during which you must remain in the international zone of the airport. Failure to comply with these rules may result in additional restrictions or requirements.
Documentation and Research
It is essential to have all the necessary documentation, including proof of vaccination, recovery from COVID-19, or negative test results. Additionally, research the specific requirements of your transit country and final destination, as these may vary. Sign up for travel advisories or newsletters to stay informed about the latest rule changes.
Transit Experience
The efficiency of the transit airport can impact your experience. Some airports, like Madrid, are known for their disorganisation, so it's advisable to allow ample connection time. Ensure you follow airport signage, especially when navigating to your connecting flight's gate.
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Transit visas
If you are planning to transit through a Spanish airport, you may need to apply for a Spain Airport Transit Visa before your journey. This is a type of Schengen visa, which is necessary to enter any Schengen country, including Spain. This visa permits travellers to remain in the international airport transit area for up to 24 hours while waiting for a connecting flight to a non-Schengen destination. Nationals of 25 countries need a Spain Airport Transit Visa. However, even if you are a national of one of these countries, you may be exempt from the requirement.
The application procedures for a Spain Transit Visa are similar to those for a short-stay visa. The steps are as follows:
- Check whether you need to apply for a Spain Transit Visa.
- Complete the application form, providing all the required information, and submit the necessary documents.
- Make an appointment at the Spanish consulate or visa centre, where you will submit your documents and attend a short interview. You will also need to provide your biometric information if this is your first time travelling through Schengen.
- Pay the visa fee. In some countries, you may need to pay the fee when making the appointment.
- Wait for a response on your application.
The following documents are required for a Spain Airport Transit Visa:
- A completed and signed official application form. Print two copies and sign both.
- A recent passport-size coloured photograph, according to Spanish visa standards.
- A valid passport with an expiry date of at least three months after your departure from the Schengen area.
- Medical insurance covering emergency medical care, hospitalisation, and repatriation, with a minimum value of €30,000.
- Proof of paid visa fee.
Please note that some countries have specific requirements for travellers during the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, all airline passengers to the United States, including US citizens, aged two years and older, must provide a negative COVID-19 test taken within three calendar days of travel. Similarly, all passengers transiting through Abu Dhabi airport require a PCR test, and quarantine is mandatory for all arrivals into the UK from the UAE. As of August 2021, travellers transiting through Heathrow are exempt from quarantine requirements.
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Transit times and transportation within the airport
Madrid Airport, also known as Madrid Barajas Airport, is the main airport serving Madrid, Spain. It is one of the busiest airports in Europe, and it serves as a hub for Iberia, Air Europa, and Ryanair. The airport has four terminals, with Terminal 4 being one of the largest in the world.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, transit procedures at Madrid Airport have been affected by travel restrictions and health protocols. As of June 2021, passengers travelling to the United States, including US citizens, aged two years and older, must present a negative COVID-19 test taken within three calendar days of travel. Similar requirements may apply when travelling to other destinations, such as the UK, which mandates a negative COVID-19 test 72 hours before arrival. These regulations are subject to change, and travellers should refer to official sources for the most up-to-date information.
When transiting through Madrid Airport, passengers should be prepared for potential health screenings and present the necessary documentation, such as proof of vaccination, recovery from COVID-19, or a negative diagnostic test. It is important to note that the requirements may vary depending on the country of origin and the final destination. Additionally, transiting passengers must remain in the international zone of the airport, and the total transit time should not exceed 24 hours.
In terms of transportation within the airport, Madrid Airport offers a range of options for passengers. The airport provides a free, 24-hour shuttle service that connects the terminals. Additionally, the AirTrain system is an elevated guideway that links the terminals and other airport developments. For passengers transferring between terminals, it is recommended to allow sufficient time, as some have suggested that Madrid Airport can be cumbersome and poorly signposted. A minimum of 1.5 hours has been suggested for connecting flights, and 2-3 hours is ideal, especially if the arriving flight is with Iberia.
For travellers continuing their journey into Madrid city centre, there are several transportation options available. Madrid Airport taxis are a convenient choice, offering a set rate of 30€/30$ for the trip to the city centre. These taxis are easily recognisable by their white colour, red stripes, and the city's emblem on their sides, and they can be found at taxi ranks in each terminal. Alternatively, passengers can opt for a private transfer service or car rental. For a more economical option, public transportation is available, including bus and metro lines. Bus Line 203, also known as N27 Exprés Aeropuerto during nighttime hours, operates 24/7 between the airport and Atocha Train Station, with tickets costing 5€/5$. EMT bus lines 101 and 200 also serve the airport but make more intermediate stops. Additionally, two train lines connect Madrid Airport's underground train station at Terminal 4 to Atocha Station, with a travel time of approximately 31 minutes.
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Documentation and pre-departure preparation
When preparing for your trip, it is important to be aware of the documentation and pre-departure preparations required, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here are some key points to consider for your transit through Madrid Airport:
- Research and stay updated: Keep yourself informed about the latest travel advisories and restrictions for your destination and any transit locations. This includes checking the official websites of the airports you will be transiting through, as well as any government websites for the latest COVID-19 guidelines and requirements.
- COVID-19 Testing: Depending on your final destination, you may be required to present a negative COVID-19 test result taken within a specified time frame before your departure. For example, some countries require a negative test result within 72 hours of arrival, while others may have different time requirements.
- Vaccination Proof: If you are fully vaccinated, carry official documentation or proof of your vaccination status. This may exempt you from certain testing or quarantine requirements, depending on the regulations of your destination and transit countries.
- Health Control Form: In the case of Spain, all travelers, regardless of their vaccination status, must submit the Health Control Form (FCS) online within 48 hours before departure and obtain a QR code. This QR code must be presented prior to boarding and upon arrival in Spain.
- Masks and PPE: Ensure you have access to masks that meet the requirements of your destination and transit countries. Some countries may also require masks to be worn during the flight and in indoor public spaces.
- Quarantine Requirements: Be aware of the quarantine rules at your final destination and any transit locations. Some countries may require you to quarantine, especially if you are unvaccinated or arriving from a high-risk area.
- Transit Visa: If your transit time in Madrid exceeds 24 hours, or if you need to leave the international transit area, you may need to obtain an Airport Transit Schengen visa. Check the latest visa requirements for your specific situation.
- Travel Insurance: In the current pandemic situation, it is advisable to have travel insurance that covers COVID-19 related emergencies, including medical expenses and potential quarantine costs.
- Other Documentation: Ensure your passport is valid and will remain so for the duration of your trip. Have several copies of your itinerary and other important documents, including accommodation bookings or proof of onward travel if required.
It is important to stay informed and be prepared for any last-minute changes in requirements. Always check official sources for the most up-to-date information.
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Frequently asked questions
Transiting passengers are not required to take a COVID-19 test as long as they don't leave the international zone of the airport. However, if your transit involves passing through border control, you must present the boarding pass or ticket for your next flight(s) to prove that your final destination is not within Spain.
According to one source, Madrid Airport is one of the most disorganised airports, so it is recommended that you book your flights on one ticket, so if you miss your connection, you can get on the next flight free of charge. It is also recommended that you allow at least 2 hours, and ideally 3 hours, between your connecting flights.
You can get from Madrid Airport to the city centre by taxi, bus, metro or train. A taxi ride to the city centre will cost around 30€/30$ and will take 25-30 minutes, but this could increase to 40-50 minutes during peak hours. You can also take the metro or train from the airport to Atocha Station, which is 1.5km from the city centre.











































