Jazmin Li
Airports can be overwhelming, especially for first-time flyers. It is recommended that you arrive at the airport at least two hours before a domestic flight and three hours before an international flight. If you have checked luggage, you will need to spend time at the check-in counter. If you are parking your car at the airport, you should allow for some extra time. If you are connecting flights, you may be able to leave the airport during your layover. However, you should allow plenty of time to get back to the airport, go through security, and find your departure gate. Some countries require visas for foreigners to enter, so you should check the local laws before exiting the airport during a layover. If you are flying from or to the US, you will need to go through customs and immigration when exiting and returning to the airport. If you are not flying, you may still be able to enter the airport, but you will only be allowed in certain areas, such as the lobby, ticketing, and baggage claim.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Going to the airport without flying | Possible in some airports, but restricted to the lobby or ticketing and baggage claim areas |
| Acceptable IDs at TSA checkpoints | REAL ID-compliant driver's licenses, state-issued photo identity cards, U.S. Department of Defense ID, photo ID issued by a federally recognized Tribal Nation/Indian Tribe, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services Employment Authorization Card, U.S. Merchant Mariner Credential |
| ID requirements for minors | TSA does not require children under 18 to provide identification when traveling within the U.S. unless they are unaccompanied minors eligible for TSA PreCheck |
| Liquid allowance | Liquids are limited to travel-sized containers that are 3.4 ounces |
| Food allowance | Foods like yogurt and peanut butter are not allowed |
| Check-in times for international flights | Check-in typically starts 2-3 hours prior and closes 60 minutes before the scheduled departure time |
| Check-in times for domestic flights | Check-in usually begins 1-2 hours beforehand and often closes 30-45 minutes prior to departure |
| Airport amenities | Shopping areas, restaurants, spas, art exhibitions |
| Leaving the airport during a layover | Depends on the destination, some countries require visas for foreigners to exit the secure area |
| Time considerations for layovers | Deboarding, exiting the airport, securing transportation, enjoying the layover destination, returning to the airport, going through security, and navigating to the departure gate |
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What You'll Learn
What ID do I need to bring to the airport?
It is important to bring acceptable identification with you to the airport, as you will not be allowed to enter the security checkpoint without it. The specific ID requirements may vary depending on your country of residence and your destination, so it is always a good idea to check with your airline or local airport authority before travelling. Here is some general information on the types of ID commonly accepted at airports:
For international travel, a passport is typically required as proof of identity and citizenship. Some countries, such as the US, have implemented the REAL ID initiative, which requires travellers over the age of 18 to present a REAL ID-compliant form of identification, such as an enhanced driver's license, a state-issued photo identity card, or a U.S. passport. If you are not a U.S. citizen, a Permanent Resident Card (Green Card) can be used as proof of identity. It is worth noting that some countries may also require additional documentation, such as a visa, to confirm that you are authorised to travel to your destination.
For domestic travel, the ID requirements may differ depending on your country. In the US, the TSA accepts a range of identification documents, including passports, driver's licenses, state-issued photo identity cards, and U.S. Military IDs. It's important to note that, as of May 7, 2025, state-issued driver's licenses and IDs that are not REAL ID-compliant will no longer be accepted for domestic air travel in the US. Minors under the age of 18 are typically exempt from presenting identification when travelling domestically within the US, but specific requirements may vary for unaccompanied minors or when travelling internationally.
In the event that you do not have an acceptable form of ID, it is recommended to arrive at the airport early and bring any alternative forms of identification you may have. The TSA and the airline may be able to work together to verify your identity and allow you to proceed through security.
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How early should I arrive at the airport?
There is no one-size-fits-all answer to the question of how early you should arrive at the airport, as it depends on several factors. Firstly, consider whether you are travelling domestically or internationally. For domestic flights within the US, it is generally recommended to arrive at the airport at least two hours before your scheduled departure time. This allows enough time to check in, which must be done at least 30 minutes before departure, and to account for any baggage drop-offs or security checks. However, if you are travelling without checked luggage and have already checked in online, you may only need to arrive 30 minutes before departure.
For international travel, the recommended arrival time varies depending on the country and airport. While some sources suggest arriving at least two hours before departure for international flights, this may not be sufficient in all cases. Some airports, such as Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport (SCL) in Chile, recommend arriving three hours before an international flight, and even longer during peak periods. Jamaican airports generally advise two to three hours, while the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria suggests three hours before international flights and up to four hours during high-traffic seasons. Therefore, it is crucial to check the specific recommendations for your departure airport.
Another factor to consider is the airport's size and your familiarity with it. A larger or busier airport may require additional time for navigating and clearing security. If you are travelling from a small or less congested airport, you may not need to allow as much time. Additionally, if you are a frequent flyer with elite status, TSA PreCheck, or Clear, you may be able to reduce the standard recommended arrival time, especially if you are travelling light.
Lastly, consider the day of the week and the time of year you are travelling. Airports tend to be busier during certain days and seasons, such as weekends, holidays, and high season, which may warrant arriving earlier to account for potential delays. In general, it is always better to be an early bird than to risk a last-minute dash to the gate. Giving yourself a comfortable buffer allows for unexpected delays and ensures a more relaxed travel experience.
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Can I leave the airport during a layover?
Whether you can leave the airport during a layover depends on several factors. Firstly, consider how much time you have between flights. While some sources suggest that four to five hours is the minimum time required for a layover excursion, others recommend a more conservative approach, with a preference for at least five to seven hours to account for any unexpected delays.
Secondly, the type of layover you have will determine whether you can leave the airport. Domestic layovers are generally more straightforward, as you're already in the country legally and don't need to worry about visas or additional security checks. International layovers, on the other hand, can be more complicated. Some countries require visas or other travel documents for foreigners entering, so check the immigration laws and visa requirements of your layover destination before making any plans. Remember that you'll likely need to go through customs and immigration upon exiting and re-entering the airport, which can take additional time.
Additionally, consider the location of the airport in relation to the city or attractions you want to visit. Some airports are conveniently located near city centres, while others are in more remote areas, making it challenging to explore during a short layover. Research transportation options and their associated costs, as well as the opening hours of any attractions you plan to visit.
Lastly, think about your baggage. If your luggage is transferred directly to your next flight, you can explore with just your carry-on. However, if you need to collect your baggage before exiting the airport, it can be cumbersome to haul it around during your layover. In such cases, consider travelling light with just a carry-on and a personal item.
While leaving the airport during a layover can be a great way to explore a new place, it's important to carefully consider these factors and plan accordingly. Be realistic about the time you have, and don't forget to factor in the time needed to get back to the airport, go through security, and navigate to your departure gate.
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What can I do during a long layover?
A long layover can be a great opportunity to explore a new city and immerse yourself in the local culture. If you have a long layover, you can leave the airport and visit nearby attractions, sample local cuisine, or even attend a festival or event.
Explore the City
If your layover is long enough, you can leave the airport and explore the city you are in. Research the local area and create a flexible itinerary to make the most of your time. Remember to factor in customs, transit times, and luggage storage options. Some airports even offer organized city tours that depart directly from the airport, like the one available at Seoul, South Korea's airport.
Relax in an Airport Lounge
Airport lounges offer a comfortable space to rest and relax during a long layover. You can purchase a day pass to enjoy complimentary food, drinks, WiFi, and even shower facilities. Some lounges also offer sleeping areas, making it a great option to freshen up before your next flight.
Indulge in Local Delicacies
A long layover provides the perfect opportunity to sample the local cuisine. Whether it's grabbing a croissant in Paris or enjoying a leisurely dinner in Anchorage, you can immerse yourself in the culinary culture of your layover destination.
Journal and Reflect
Long layovers provide a great opportunity to document your travel stories and reflect on your journey. You can also use this time to back up your photos, choose the best shots, and share them with your friends and family. Additionally, you can explore the local Netflix selection or browse the airport bookshops and newsstands to find interesting reads for your journey.
Stay Active
If you prefer to stay active during your layover, consider going for a walk or a run in a nearby park. This can be a refreshing change of scenery and you may even discover hidden gems, such as ponds, arts and crafts stores, or historical monuments.
Remember to manage your time effectively, stay mindful of your surroundings, and set alarms to ensure you don't miss your connecting flight!
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What can I do during a flight delay?
Flight delays can be stressful and confusing, but there are several things you can do to make the situation more manageable. Here are some steps you can take to stay informed, proactive, and empowered during a flight delay:
Before Your Trip
- Book flights with care: Choose flights with fewer stops to reduce the chances of delays. Morning flights are less likely to be delayed than afternoon flights due to potential delays accumulating throughout the day. Mid-week flights are also less prone to delays as fewer people tend to travel during the middle of the week.
- Purchase travel insurance: Travel insurance can provide financial peace of mind during delays or cancellations. It can offer reimbursement for various expenses, such as overnight accommodations, meals, ground transportation, and even unused prepaid expenses like tour tickets.
- Be proactive with flight information: Stay updated on your flight's status by downloading your airline's app, signing up for text alerts, and checking flight trends on websites like FlightAware. Monitor the status of your incoming plane, especially weather conditions at its previous locations, as they can impact your departure time.
- Know your rights: Understand your rights as an airline passenger. For example, if your flight is significantly delayed and you choose not to travel, you may be entitled to a refund or travel credits. If you experience a long tarmac delay, airlines are required to provide working bathrooms, and after two hours, they must offer food and water.
During the Delay
- Seek information: If your flight is delayed after you've arrived at the airport, proceed to the airline's agents' desk as soon as possible. Speak with an airline representative to get the most up-to-date information and explore your options, including alternative flights or compensation.
- Act quickly: If you need to rebook your flight, do so promptly. Early birds often have better choices for alternative flights and remaining seats.
- Stay comfortable: If you're facing a lengthy delay, ensure your basic needs are met. Stay hydrated, eat meals, and consider finding a comfortable place to rest if you have a long wait ahead.
Remember, while flight delays are beyond your control, being proactive, informed, and aware of your rights can help you navigate the situation more smoothly.
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Frequently asked questions
No, you don't need to be a ticketed passenger to enter an airport. However, you will only be allowed in certain areas, such as the lobby, ticketing, and baggage claim. You will need a ticket to go through security and enter the rest of the airport.
Yes, you can leave the airport during a layover, but you must go through customs and immigration upon exiting and on your return. It is recommended that you plan to be back at the airport two hours before your connecting flight for domestic flights and three hours for international flights.
If your flight is delayed, it is still recommended that you arrive at the airport at the same time as you would have if your flight was on time. This is because delays can be reversed or shortened, and check-in times and deadlines generally stay the same.
